What condition does anemia refer to?

Anemia refers specifically to a deficiency in red blood cells or hemoglobin, which are critical components of the blood responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body. When there is an insufficient number of red blood cells or a lower-than-normal level of hemoglobin, the body's ability to deliver oxygen to tissues and organs is compromised. This can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath, as the tissues are not receiving adequate oxygen.

The condition can arise from various causes, including nutritional deficiencies (like iron, vitamin B12, or folate), chronic diseases, or bone marrow disorders. Understanding anemia is crucial in nursing and healthcare because it informs treatment decisions, dietary recommendations, and patient education on managing the condition effectively.