What does postural hypotension refer to?

Postural hypotension, also known as orthostatic hypotension, specifically refers to a sudden drop in blood pressure that can occur when an individual moves from a lying down or sitting position to standing. This condition is significant because, upon standing, gravity causes blood to pool in the lower extremities. If the body does not respond adequately by adjusting the heart rate and blood vessel dilation to maintain sufficient blood flow to the brain, it results in a decrease in blood pressure. This drop can lead to symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, or even fainting as the brain temporarily receives less blood. Understanding this mechanism is crucial for healthcare workers to monitor and manage blood pressure effectively, especially in vulnerable populations like the elderly or those on certain medications.