What is a pressure injury?

A pressure injury, also known as a pressure ulcer or bedsore, is defined as localized damage to the skin and underlying tissue that typically occurs over a bony prominence due to prolonged pressure, often in conjunction with shear or friction. This condition is particularly prevalent in individuals who are immobile or have limited mobility because the constant pressure on specific areas can impede blood flow, leading to tissue ischemia and damage.

When the skin is subjected to sustained pressure, it can become discolored and eventually break down, forming an ulcer. The areas of the body most susceptible to pressure injuries include the heels, sacrum, elbows, and hips, where bony structures are close to the skin's surface. Understanding the specific nature of a pressure injury is crucial for prevention and treatment, hence its clear distinction from other skin conditions such as rashes, bruises, or cuts.