What is the purpose of elastic stockings in a medical setting?

Elastic stockings, also known as compression stockings, are primarily used in medical settings to promote venous blood flow and help prevent the formation of blood clots. These stockings apply graduated pressure to the legs, which aids in increasing blood circulation back to the heart. By compressing the veins, they reduce the diameter of the veins and help to prevent blood from pooling, particularly in individuals who are immobile or have risk factors for deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

This compression is crucial for patients recovering from surgery, those with chronic venous insufficiency, or those who spend long periods seated, such as during long flights or in bedridden situations. While they may also assist in reducing swelling and can have secondary benefits related to skin irritation and comfort, their primary and most significant purpose is the prevention of blood clots through improved venous return.