Which condition is characterized by reduced blood supply to the heart?

The condition characterized by reduced blood supply to the heart is coronary artery disease. This condition occurs when the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscle, become narrowed or blocked, typically due to a buildup of fatty deposits known as plaques. This reduction in blood flow can lead to symptoms such as chest pain (angina) and, in more severe cases, can result in a heart attack.

In contrast, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease primarily affects lung function and does not directly relate to the blood supply of the heart. A cerebrovascular accident, commonly known as a stroke, typically involves disruption of blood flow to the brain rather than the heart. Congestive heart failure refers to a condition where the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow, but it is a consequence of various heart diseases, including coronary artery disease, rather than a direct reduction in blood supply to the heart itself.