Which of the following defines non-verbal communication?

Non-verbal communication is primarily characterized by the use of gestures, facial expressions, and body language to convey messages without spoken or written words. This form of communication plays a crucial role in how we convey feelings, attitudes, and information, often enhancing or contradicting verbal communication. For example, a smile can indicate friendliness, while crossed arms may suggest defensiveness.

In contrast, other options focus on different forms of communication. For instance, written language emphasizes the use of text for conveying messages, medical terminology focuses on specialized language used in healthcare contexts, and writing instructions pertains specifically to conveying information through written instructions. These approaches do not capture the essence of non-verbal communication, which relies on physical cues rather than verbal or written forms. Thus, the emphasis on gestures, facial expressions, and body language distinctly defines non-verbal communication.