Which of the following is a risk factor for developing decubitus ulcers?

Prolonged bed rest is a significant risk factor for developing decubitus ulcers, commonly known as pressure sores or bedsores. When a person remains in a single position for an extended period, it can impede blood flow to certain areas of the skin, particularly over bony prominences such as the heels, elbows, and sacrum. The lack of blood flow can cause the skin and underlying tissues to become damaged and ulcerated. This is especially true for individuals with limited mobility, as they are unable to shift their weight regularly.

The other options, while important for overall health, do not contribute to the development of decubitus ulcers in the same way. For instance, frequent movement helps to alleviate pressure on vulnerable areas and is, in fact, a preventative measure against these ulcers. A high protein diet and proper hydration are essential for skin health and healing, but they do not inherently pose a risk for ulcer formation. In contrast, the absence of these supportive health factors combined with immobility can exacerbate the risk of developing decubitus ulcers.